Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Liana Monica Deac
Public Health Center Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Keynote: Foodborne illness a dynamic, everywhere possible emergency field today
Biography:
Liana Monica Deac has graduated medicine from University of medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. She has been a General Medicine faculty from 1979. She is the Head of the Transylvania Epidemiology Department (12 regions) from 1993-2000. She has been a Former organizer Head Committee of the Romanian Epidemiology Society from 1993-2000. 2 Regional awards for prevention activity in elderly people’s pathology ( 2010 and 2012). She is the present head of several academic and national researches and studies for epidemiology and microbiological etiology of speciï¬ c infectious diseases from/ in Romania.
Abstract:
Foodborne illness affl icts people throughout the world. Th e CDC defi nes a foodborne disease outbreak as the occurrence of two or more similar illnesses resulting from ingestion of a common food. Each year, in USA, one in 10 people experiences a foodborne illness, 128,000 are hospitalized, 3,000 die, and 33 million healthy life-years are lost. While few patients with foodborne illness present with life-threatening symptoms, there are a number of foodborne infectious diseases and toxins that the emergency physician or other health care provider must consider in the evaluation of these patients. Given the frequency of international travel, as well as the risk associated with recurrent outbreaks of foodborne illness from commercial food sources, it is important to recognize various syndromes of foodborne illness, including those which may require specifi c evaluation and management strategies. Foodborne illness poses a signifi cant public health threat to the United States. Th e disease is defi ned as any ailment associated with the ingestion of contaminated food and is most oft en associated with gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhea, nausea, and/or vomiting. Individuals who are aged less than 5 years or more than 60 years or who are immunocompromised are at greatest risk for acquiring a foodborne illness. Th e most common cause of gastroenteritis is Salmonella infection. Annually, nontyphoidal Salmonella causes 1.2 million cases of foodborne illness and 450 deaths. Most Salmonella outbreaks were attributed to seeded vegetables (6.9%), pork (4%), or vegetable row crops (1.7%). Adults older than 65 years, people with weakened immune systems, and nonbreastfed infants are more likely to have severe infections. Approximately 8% of patients with nontyphoidal salmonellosis will develop bacteremia and require treatment with antibiotics, including ceft riaxone or azithromycin in children and a fl uoroquinolone (commonly levofl oxacin) or azithromycin in adults. Th e summer months (peaking in July or August) had the highest percentage of cases. Th e use of certain medications to reduce stomach acidity can increase the risk of Salmonella infection. Th e food safety systems in some countries aff ord better consumer protection than others. Th is situation, combined with diff ering climates and ecologies, results in the association of diff erent types of foodborne illness with diff erent regions of the world. In a global economy, both people and food travel the world. Clinicians need to consider foreign travel as well as the consumption of food from other parts of the world when determining the cause of foodborne disease. Th e key to reducing the incidence of foodborne illness is prevention. Proper food storage, refrigeration, handling, and cooking are vital. Patients should be educated to avoid high-risk items such as unpasteurized milk and milk products, as well as raw or undercooked items like oysters, meat, poultry, and eggs. Th e consumption of more meals in the home may also decrease the risk of foodborne illness.
Keynote Forum
Tie Fu Liu
Fudan University, China
Keynote: The disturbed infl ammatory homeostasis by chronic HIV infection in AIDS patients primes lethal sepsis upon subsequent infection
Biography:
Tie Fu Liu has completed his MD at Hengyang Medical College in China, PhD education at University of Hong Kong and postdoctoral studies at University of South California and Wake Forest University. He is the Professor of Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, a national key hospital for emerging infectious diseases in China. He has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
Although the combined antiretroviral therapy signifi cantly improved the clinical outcomes of HIV/AIDS patients, the severe infl ammatory sepsis developed from the next infection became the leading cause of HIV/AIDS-related death. Th is is resulted from the infl ammatory priming of chronic HIV infection, which is characterized by the glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) over-expression, hyperactivity of glycolysis in innate immune cells and constant pro-infl ammatory status. Th e underlying knowledge how the immunometabolic change during HIV infection primes severe infl ammatory sepsis is incomplete. We report here that the imbalance of pro- and anti-infl ammatory signaling is responsible for the priming of AIDS-related sepsis. Upon activation of TLR4 receptor by bacterial endotoxin, AIDS PBMCs highly expressed pro-infl ammatory cytokines comparing to the healthy PBMCs. Th is hyper pro-infl ammatory gene expression was contrary to the reduced expression of anti-infl ammatory SIRT1 and RelB, which constitutes the SIRT1- dependent antiinfl ammatory signaling. Stimulating SIRT1 activity by its activator resveratrol minimized expression of both TNF-☠gene and cell surface GLUT1 of AIDS PBMCs in response to endotoxin stimulation. Mechanistically, resveratrol increased the nuclear abundance of anti-infl ammatory SIRT1 and RelB and reduced nuclear translocation of pro-infl ammatory NFâ˜B/ p65, thereby, preventing hyper pro-infl ammatory response upon subsequent endotoxin stimulation. Th us, restoring homeostasis of pro- and anti-infl ammatory signaling by activation of SIRT1-RelB immunometabolic axis promises prevention and eff ective therapy of AIDS-related sepsis. Th ese fi ndings should have translational impact on the severe infl ammatory priming in other chronic infl ammatory diseases.
- Zoonotic Ailments | Air borne, Vector Borne and Food Borne Infections | Occupational Health and Safety | Rare Infectious Diseases | Infectious Diseases in Children|Infectious Diseases in Animals | Maternal Infectious Diseases | Gastrointestinal Infections | Dermatological Infectious Diseases | Pharmacology and Infectious Diseases
Location: Barcelona, Spain
Chair
Liana Monica Deac
Public Health Center Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Session Introduction
Faryal Khamis
Royal Hospital, Oman
Title: Human Brucellosis and Salmonellosis in the Middle East
Time : 11:50-12:15
Biography:
Abstract:
Houda Moumni Abdou
Ministery of health of Morocco, Morocco
Title: Epidemiological profile of imported malaria in Morocco between 2011 and 2016
Time : 12:15-12:40
Biography:
Abstract:
Rachid Selmi
Sidi Thabet-University of Manouba, Tunisia
Title: First molecular evidence and genetic characterization of Coxiella burnetii and Candidatus Midichloria mitochondrii in Ixodid ticks infesting Tunisian dromedaries
Time : 12:40-13:05
Biography:
Abstract:
Manal A.M. Antonios
Alexandria University, Egypt
Title: Incidence of multidrug-resistant organism among children admitted to pediatric intensive care unit in a developing country
Time : 14:05-14:30
